How are microbes used in the bioremediation of contaminated groundwater sites?

Bioremediation relies on the growth of certain microbes that use contaminants like oil, solvents, and pesticides for sources of food and energy. This process usually involves aerobic or anaerobic microorganisms that use this breakdown as an energy source. These microbes convert contaminants into small amounts of water, as well as harmless gases like carbon dioxide.